Afrischolar Discovery Repository (Annex)
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description: Afrischolar Repository is powered by Afrischolar Discovery. An initiative that was concieved to address the visibility challenges of Scholars, Institutions and Published materials emanating from the Academic community. Our Services includes: Development of Peer Review System for Journals | Design of Personal Knowledgebase for Scholars | Provision of DOI for Publications | Registration of ISSN Numbers | Digital Archiving | Digitization
publisher: Afrischolar Discovery Initiative
language: en
publication name: Afrischolar Discovery Repository (Annex)
copyright: All materials deposited in the Afrischolar Discovery Repository are made openly available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), unless otherwise indicated. Under this license, users are free to: Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercial use These freedoms are granted provided that appropriate credit is given to the original author(s), a link to the license is included, and any changes made are clearly indicated. Attribution must not suggest endorsement by the author(s) or the repository. Authors retain full copyright of their work while granting Afrischolar Discovery Repository a non-exclusive license to store, preserve, and disseminate the content for academic and public use. Users must not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from exercising the rights permitted by the license. Where third-party content is included, users are responsible for ensuring compliance with the applicable licensing terms for such materials. By submitting content to the Afrischolar Discovery Repository, contributors affirm that they have the right to distribute their work under the CC BY 4.0 license. For full license details, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
items: THE EFFECT OF MECHANICAL CLEARING AND TILLAGE ON TROPICAL SOILS
items: PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCES OF SOME PEPPER (Capsicum spp.) VARIETIES IN AN ULTISOL
items: The Law On Examination Malpractice: Threat To Educational Integrity And National Development
items: The Legal Spectrum of Parenthood Through Assisted Reproductive Technology in Nigeria
items: Victimization
items: Urban Planning Approaches to Urban Safety and Security: A Synthesis of Approaches
items: Spatial Distribution Of Primary Healthcare Facilities In Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
items: Rational Choice Theory and the Quest for Alternative Policing Systems: A Case Study of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
items: Issues Affecting Gendered Roles Of Professionals In The Built Environment In Nigeria
items: Residential Mobility and Land Use Planning: A Case study of Uyo
items: An Overview of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
items: Gender Perspectives in Entrepreneurial Development in Urban and Regional Planning Discipline in Nigeria
items: Fear of Crime and the Predictors of Victimization in the Built Environment
items: Fear On Streets: The Vulnerable And Self-Protective Behaviour In Ibadan, Nigeria.
items: Development Clusters In The Eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria
items: Criminality in public places of urban communities: Examining crime incidences around transit stop stations in Ibadan, Nigeria
items: Crime Risk Interpretations In Nigerian Built Environment: The Case Of Minna, Niger State
items: Transforming Ene Henshaw's Medicine for Love into a Theatrical Spectacle
items: Perspectives Of Nigerian Ethnic Metaphors In My House Help
items: Exploring Indigenous Akwa Ibom Herbs and Other Materials to Process Alternative Makeup Materials for Theatre and Film Productions
items: Historical Development Of Multifunctional Theatre Designs Of Selected University-Based Theatre Venues In Nigeria
items: Social Cohesion through Festivals in Nigeria and the Traditional Performance Space of Biase New Yam Festival of CRS.
items: Teachers' Variables and Improvisation of Instructional Materials in the Teaching of Government in Senior Secondary Schools in Uyo Education Zone of Akwa Ibom State
items: Conflict resolution strategies and students' orientations towards security responsibility among undergraduates in Akwa Ibom State
items: Systemic racism and ubuntu philosophy: The moral issues
items: Kieran Egan's storytelling pedagogy and the development of critical and affective reasoning in children
items: The moral implications of journalism, propaganda, and The dissemination of information
items: Aesthetics and National Development
items: Xenotransplantation: Examining the philosophical Issues

THE EFFECT OF MECHANICAL CLEARING AND TILLAGE ON TROPICAL SOILS
type: item
description: In Nigeria, of the total food production, over 90% comes from the peasant farmers who are about 80% of farming population (Adegboyega, 1988). However, one of the hanging issues in Nigeria agriculture is that the use of manual labour technique by the peasant farmers is perhaps the cause of low food production. The educated youths believe that tractorization can bring solution to low agricultural production and mass exodus from rural farmlands. Undoubtedly, judicious use of farm machines will make farming more attractive, increase crop output per unit and save time and energy, assist weed control and larger hands will be engaged in agricultural sector to solve the problem of Nigerian food crises through large area of land cultivation.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
creator: T. U. U. Ekpo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2017-06-25
publication date: 2017-06-25
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-533

PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF GROWTH AND YIELD PERFORMANCES OF SOME PEPPER (Capsicum spp.) VARIETIES IN AN ULTISOL
type: item
description: A field trial was conducted at University of Uyo Teaching and Research Farm, Town Campus Annex, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State in the late cropping season of 2014 to evaluate the growth and yield performances of sone pepper (Capsicum spp. varieties in an ultisol. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Treatments were five pepper varieties (Tabasco, Trinidad. Scoich Bonnet, Aleppo and Cubanelles), Results indicated significant (P<0.05) differences in growth and yield among the pepper varieties. Scotch Bonnet variety produced the highest number of leaves per plant (27.44, 58.53, 111.98 and 140.24 at 5, 7, 9 and 11 weeks after transplanting - WAT, respectively) while the feast was from Trinidad variety (12.97, 35.45, 56.63 and 89.92 at 5, 7, 9 and 11 WAT, respectively). Aleppo variety had significantly (P<0.05) taller plants by the 13th WAT (83.31cm) than other varieties. Scotch Bonnet had the widest leaf area at 9 WAT (40,71cm2) while Trinidad had the widest at 7 and 11 WAT with 49.94cm2 and 42.27 cm2. respectively. The number of fruits per plant and fresh fruit yield per hectare varied significantly (P<0.03) among the varieties. The highest number of fruits per plant, fresh and dev fruit yields per hectare were from Aleppo variety (29.23. 46.37 and 9.51 t/ha) followed by Cubanefie variety (22.87, 14.96 and 7.08 t/ha, respectively) while Trinidad variety had the least (5.63, 2.82 and 1.31 t/ha). Fresh and dry fruit yields per hectare from Aleppo variety were higher than other varieties by 10- 83% and 26 -86 %, respectively. Therefore, planting Aleppo and or Cubanelle variety(ies) has high potentials for pepper production in as ultisol.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: ultisol
  topic: keywords
subject: yield
  topic: keywords
subject: growth
  topic: keywords
subject: pepper (Capsicum spp) varieties
  topic: keywords
subject: Evaluation
  topic: keywords
creator: N. U. Ndaeyo
creator: A. L. Utin
creator: T. U. U. Ekpo
creator: E. A. Akpan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2017-06-25
publication date: 2017-06-25
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-532

The Law On Examination Malpractice: Threat To Educational Integrity And National Development
type: item
description: The menace of examination malpractice in the Nigerian Educational Sector has become an ugly infectious pandemic permeating the foundation of quality education in Nigeria. It is a threat to the integrity of the examination process and national development as products of flawed assessment invariably come into the society as professionals with flawed certificates. This paper sets out to unravel whether this assumption represents the current state of affairs in Nigerian educational institutions noting that examination malpractice appears to have gone digital as students are seen to manipulate registration photos of their image to merge two faces, thereby confusing facial recognition software; engage in digital cheating, script substitution, influencing results after the exam. The paper argued that the use of electronic gadgets and the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI) have expanded the horizon from conventional malpractice to unconventional malpractice. The authors contended that this modern trend of examination malpractice not only affects the students but also the educational sector and national development requiring extensive legal, systematic policy solutions and that it has become imperative for the instrumentality of the law to be deployed to eradicate the menace by punishing persons or entities that engages in any act of examination malpractices. The use of doctrinal research methodology will be employed by focusing on legal analysis of statutes, textbooks, case laws, and journals.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Corruption
  topic: keywords
subject: Students
  topic: keywords
subject: Educational Integrity
  topic: keywords
subject: National Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Malpractice
  topic: keywords
subject: Examination
  topic: keywords
creator: Nasiru Tijani
creator: Ugochukwu Kanu
creator: Donatus Okanyi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-530

The Legal Spectrum of Parenthood Through Assisted Reproductive Technology in Nigeria
type: item
description: The capacity to bear children who resemble their parents and inherit their genes and heredity has been a mark of genuineness and joy of parenthood. Some couples cannot experience due to infertility. It is estimated that infertility affect over 50-80 million persons worldwide. Infertility may be as a result of genital tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases, postpartum or post aborted infections, pelvic tuberculosis, tubal blockage amongst other causes. The solution to infertility lies not only in the prevention of the earlier cited maladies but also include adapting to novel Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) treatments. ART refers to the medical procedure that aim to achieve pregnancy by manipulating sperm and egg to make conception a reality. There has been dire contention over who should use ART; what is the legal spectrum of parenthood through ART; what are the regulatory framework for ART; who owns the gametes and embryos? This article is poised to analyse these issues. The doctrinal research method will be utilized. The article found out that lack of regulation of ART in Nigeria has led to rapid multiplication of illegal baby factories, it was discovered that lack of regulation led to private reproductive health practitioners charging high fees. The article suggests the need for urgent passing of ART law in Nigeria and education of the public of its advantages.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Legal Regulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Surrogacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Artificial Reproductive Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Parenthood
  topic: keywords
creator: Nasiru Tijani
creator: Ahiakwo Abraham
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-529

Victimization
type: item
description: Introduction The field of planning has traditionally made sustainability of communities one of its central tenets. The cardinal objective of the town planning profession is to ensure the actualization of an efficient, functional and safe environment. This notion presupposes that, irrespective of where a person lives, the urban environment must provide an atmosphere conducive to living, working andrecreation. Urban safety and security are seen as pivotal in evolving an environment capable of ensuring peace, stability and well-being of residents. This is because persistently insecure environments are capable of eroding opportunities for social capital development, constitute threats to public safety and discourage local and foreign investments (Agbola, 1997). Crime or the absence of same has been adjudged as a key indicator in assessing the prosperity of nations.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Book Chapters
  topic: category
creator: Jenny Ntamark
creator: Adewumi Badiora
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2017-03-30
publication date: 2017-03-30
starting page: 1156
ending page: 1186
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-528

Urban Planning Approaches to Urban Safety and Security: A Synthesis of Approaches
type: item
description: Urban insecurity attributable to crime and violence constitutes a major urbanization challenge to most cities of the world. Although some of the world’s largest and fastest urbanizing cities such as Chongking or Tokyo have very low crime rates and could be treated as exceptions, African cities have some of the highest crime rates in the world (Mo Ibrahim Foundation, 2015). Despite the assertion above, Mo Ibrahim Foundation, 2015 opine that urban crime, violence and insecurity in large cities tend to be more concentrated, more lethal, more variable than what is obtainable in rural areas. According to Frost and Nowak (2014), it is the complexities within cities that make the issue of violence more complex because of the interplay of socio-economic inequalities, disorder and volatility, all of which complicate the process of monitoring, detecting and evaluating rates and trends of urban violence. It would seem, therefore, that the larger and denser a city, the more vulnerable its population is to violence and crime. In most cities of the world, heterogeneity in urban violence, is evidenced spatially and temporally. This implies that urban crime and violence is not evenly distributed geographically, socio-economically and demographically, thus giving rise to disparities in the indicators that qualify for very safe and very unsafe areas. Also, urban crime and attendant heightened levels of insecurity undergo dynamic transformation processes over time and space as is evidenced in the changing methods, objectives, and perpetrators of violence. These, in turn, make the task of designing targeted, yet flexible programmes to tackle armed violence and its impact extremely difficult (Frost and Nowak (2014).
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Book Chapters
  topic: category
creator: Tunde Agbola
creator: Jenny Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 247
ending page: 262
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-527

Spatial Distribution Of Primary Healthcare Facilities In Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
type: item
description: Distribution of health care facilities in many developing nations has been observed to be politically biased, such that sume areas are over serviced at the expense of other areas.This study examined spatial distribution and accessibility of primary healthcare facilities in Ibesikpo Asutan LGA, Akwa lbom State. Data from official records of government establishments were obtained while field observations in 16 communities were carried out using spatial sampling framework. The data obtained were analyzed using locational quotient technique. The result indicates that ubout 30% of the wards were disadvantaged in the distribution of primary healthcare facilities, with locational quouients of less than 1.00 while 20% recorded total lack of primary healthcare facilities with a locational quotient of zero.On the whole, 50% of the wards had more than a fair share of the facilities with locational quotients greater than 1.00. The study concludes that there is strong empirical evidence in the data set to show that facilities within the study area are not evenly distributed. The study recommends the maintenance of existing facilities as well as provision of new ones in the areas nol served by existing ones as a panacea for increased accessibility among the population in the study area.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Akwa Ibom State
  topic: keywords
subject: location quotient
  topic: keywords
subject: Primary Healthcare facilities
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial distribution
  topic: keywords
creator: Jenny Ntamark
creator: Idibeke Ekott
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2020-03-30
publication date: 2020-03-30
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-526

Rational Choice Theory and the Quest for Alternative Policing Systems: A Case Study of Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria
type: item
description: The Rational Choice Theory (RCT) emerged from the observed failure of ‘rehabilitative technologies’ and the increase in the officially recorded crime rates during the 1970's and 1980's. This encouraged the re-introduction of the criminal decision making process and thus the movement from the classical to positivist research in the analysis of criminal behaviour. The RCT assumes that all humans are rational, calculating (on a cost-benefit analysis) and with good knowledge of pain and pleasure. The former is based on the swiftness, severity and certainty of law enforcement apparatus while the latter is based on need, greed and or sexual appeasement, a combination of personal and situational factors that determine if crime will be committed or not. Extant literature shows that “before choosing to commit a crime, the reasoning criminal evaluates the risk of apprehension, the seriousness of the expected punishment, the value of the criminal enterprise, and his or her immediate need for criminal gain” (Siegel, 1992, 2005). While the action of the criminal may be individualistic, the consequence of his/her actions is social and could be inimical to the existence and nurturing of the social fabric. This is the rationale for the existence of law enforcement apparatus whose duty is to evolve how to reduce such activities or prevent them altogether. Unfortunately, the currently evolved strategies to achieve these such as target hardening (deadbolts, self-defence etc) and legal deterrents (police, mandatory sentencing and death penalties) do not seem to have the desired effects as criminal behaviours continue to increase in types and intensity. This paper examines alternate ways of policing Uyo, the capital of Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria through private security guards, armed guards, neighbourhood vigilante, neighbourhood volunteers, armed militia (area boys) and local watchnight. A combination of questionnaire, interview and focus group discussion methods were employed to elici…
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Conference Papers
  topic: category
subject: Uyo
  topic: keywords
subject: Alternative policing system
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-State Actors
  topic: keywords
subject: State Actors
  topic: keywords
subject: Crime
  topic: keywords
subject: Rational Choice Theory
  topic: keywords
creator: Tunde Agbola
creator: Jenny Ntamark
creator: Kayode Samuel
creator: Olorunfemi Olojede
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2019-03-30
publication date: 2019-03-30
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-524

Issues Affecting Gendered Roles Of Professionals In The Built Environment In Nigeria
type: item
description: Urbanization and attendant challenges affect urban residents differently. There is also a consensus that these challenges affect men and women in diverse ways. This includes gender-based differentials observed in access to decent work opportunities, access to financial assets and housing security, fair tenure rights, access to services, use of apen space, engagement in public governance structures and personal security, Studies reveal that these challenges and perceived gaps are further exacerbated gender defined factors that assign roles in all spheres of the society. The study examined gender issues as they affect performance of professionals in the town planning profession. "Results were obtained hy subjecting the field data to analysis on a 5-point likert scale. Findings reveal that masculinity norms and culture (with amean score of 3.60) as well as definitive gender roles set aside by our culture and tradition (with a mean score of 3.50) constitute gender issues of concern among town planning professionals, The study recommends gender mainstreaming as a panacea for improved inclusiveness of women.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Built Environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Urban Planning Profession
  topic: keywords
subject: Gendered Roles
  topic: keywords
creator: Jenny Ntamark
creator: Isaiah Asuquo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2022-03-30
publication date: 2022-03-30
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-525

Residential Mobility and Land Use Planning: A Case study of Uyo
type: item
description: Introduction Different reasons impel people to move. Generally, people who decide to move or change location do so for better economic, political or cultural reasons or actually to enjoy certain amenitics. While the provision of infrastructural facilities is known to enhance the comfortability of a place, thereby sustaining the desirability to stay, the insufficiency or complete absence of such facilities heightens the propensity to move. The situation usually induces a stress-strain effect on the individual or groups and acts as a push factor, catalyzing the decision to move or stay, depending on how the problem is perceived.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Book Chapters
  topic: category
creator: Edet Ikurekong
creator: Jenny Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-523

An Overview of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
type: item
description: Introduction Every country experiences in one form or another crime, violence and victimisation. Developing countries according to Natarajan (2016) record the greatest number of serious crime problems and only slight attention is paid to crime problems in developing countries by criminologists and other professionals compared to the colleagues in developed countrics. Crime, a major social issue, affects thousands of lives each year (Fkong and Ebong, 2008). Crime is illegal activity or action that is punishable by law (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 2005). It is defined as illegal actions by Oxford English Dictionary(2007). Crime in the context of this paper means illegal activities and actions that involve stealing from others using any physical means (illegal entry, violence and threats), damage and destruction of property and assault. How crimes play themsclves out depends on the prevailing political, economic and social conditions and the configuration of the environment.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Book Chapters
  topic: category
creator: Samuel Ebong
creator: Jenny Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2020-03-30
publication date: 2020-03-30
starting page: 514
ending page: 528
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-521

Gender Perspectives in Entrepreneurial Development in Urban and Regional Planning Discipline in Nigeria
type: item
description: Entrepreneurship has garnered interest and popularity in a wide array of academic disciplines in recent times. Despite efforts at improving professional skills in Urban and Town planning discipline, quite a number of resultant graduates and consultants have been unemployed. The study utilized desk literature review, secondary information and simple percentage analysis to assess the Gender based Distribution of Registered Town Planners, Gender based Distribution of Town Planning Consulting firms, Gender based distribution of Number of jobs executed by male and Female Town Planners and factors affecting women’s involvement in entrepreneurial development in Nigeria. The paper revealed that there are gender disparities in the number of female town planners inducted into practice, which influence the general performance women planners in competing for planning jobs. More so, the number of female-headed town planning consulting firms, are much fewer than those headed by their male counterparts. About one-fifth of all town planners inducted over a twenty-five ycar period have been females. From this number, only 15(3.89%) have females as the principal town planning consultant while 371 (96.11%) are owned and run by male town planners. Factors affecting low or non-performance of women at entrepreneurial development in town planning practice include relatively low number of women in the profession, poor access to credits, low bargaining power, as well as poor institutional and policy frameworks for improved engagement of more women in entrepreneurial activities in town planning. The paper recommends gender mainstreaming as a panacea for increased involvement of women in town planning practice.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Conference Proceeedings
  topic: category
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
  topic: keywords
subject: Professional skills
  topic: keywords
subject: Planning disciplines
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender perspectives
  topic: keywords
subject: Entrepreneurial Development
  topic: keywords
creator: Jenny Ntamark
creator: Ikezam Innocent Weje
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2018-07-30
publication date: 2018-07-30
starting page: 309
ending page: 317
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-522

Fear of Crime and the Predictors of Victimization in the Built Environment
type: item
description: Badiora, A.I. & Ntamark, J.J. Introduction Crime, personal safety, and fear of crime are key issues that have continued to attract public concem. Fear of crime has emerged as a social phenomenon which, in extreme cases, impinges on the quality of life of urban residents (Jackson and Gray, 2010), as well as induce paranoia, anxiety, and other psychological issues on a personal level. Increased criminal activities have engendered increased fear of crime in developed and developing countries alike. Findings drawn from the International Crime and Victim Survey (ICVS) of the World Bank (2010) reveal that globally, irrespective of where a person lives, over a five year period, two out of three inhabitants of big towns and cities are victims of crime at least once, while one in every five persons has been a victim of crime at least once. Consequently, crime statistics, the perception of growing danger, and actual crime incidents in Africa have generated a culture of fear and widespread anxiety among the population in both developing and developed countries. In Lagos, Nigeria, Alemika and Chukwuma, (2005) note that 70 per cent of respondents in a city-wide survey were fearful of being victims of crime. In Nairobi, more than half of the citizens worry about crime “all the time” or “very often” (UN-Habitat, 2007), while a World Bank study in Zambia reported that fear of crime among teachers affected their work decisions (Moser & Holland, 1997).
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Book Chapters
  topic: category
creator: A. I. Badiora
creator: J. J. Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Afrischolar Discovery Repository (Annex) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-519

Fear On Streets: The Vulnerable And Self-Protective Behaviour In Ibadan, Nigeria.
type: item
description: This study specifically focuses on the safety issues of women (vulnerable) while on streets. It also examines whether there are differences in the perceptions of safety and the use of self-protective measures of women and men in a Nigerian urban environment. Working women and men who use public transport to commute to their work place were targeted. Systematic sampling was used to sample 243 women and men in Ibadan metropolitan area. Analysis of travel component revealed that women transport users felt safest while commuting (MS=3.77) when compare with walking (MS=2.16) and waiting (2.88).The most commonly used self-protective behaviour among women transport users was to avoid going out alone in the dark (MP=3.67) while the least was carrying self-protection devices. Findings were later compared with that of men and the results revealed that women had higher feeling of insecurity while walking, waiting and on transit. They also engage in all self-protective behaviours (except to carry self-protection devices) more than men. It is recommended that regular security inspection of streets, security education and refurbishment of streets to enhance the environmental factors that reduce fear will go a long way to making transit environments safer and more fitting to the needs of women.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Women
  topic: keywords
subject: Victimization
  topic: keywords
subject: Transport users
  topic: keywords
subject: Self-protective behaviour
  topic: keywords
subject: Fear of crime
  topic: keywords
creator: Adewumi Badiora
creator: Jenny Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 111
ending page: 122
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-520

Development Clusters In The Eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria
type: item
description: This study examined the spatial distribution of selected socio-economic facilities in the 72 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Eastern delta, Nigeria with a view to determine if the development pattern in the area is clustered or dispersed in space. A set of socio-economic variables that served as indicators of development were collected from various sources. These were analyzed using the gini index and the non-hierarchical cluster analytical technique. The cluster analysis result showed that both developed and deprived areas co-exist in space and the pace of development follows a discernable pattern of clustering in space within and among the different LGAs in the region. Four levels of clustering representing highly deprived deprived, privileged, and highly privileged clusters were identified. Out of the 72 LGAs studied in the region, 44 are classified as highly deprived, 21 were deprived, 2 privileged while 5 LGAs were found in the highly privileged cluster. The paper recommends that a conscious and a deliberate effort aimed at addressing the observed spatial inequality in the Eastern delta region of Nigeria. Encouraging the growth of the region is one way of ensuring that the continuous exploitation of oil and gas resources may go on unhindered. To achieve this requires fostering social inclusion, increasing the capacity of people in decision making process, which will in turn engender the capacity of the people to live in harmony.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Region
  topic: keywords
subject: Balanced growth
  topic: keywords
subject: Spatial exclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Polarization
  topic: keywords
subject: Inequality
  topic: keywords
subject: Development clusters
  topic: keywords
subject: Eastern delta
  topic: keywords
creator: I. I. Weje
creator: J. J. Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Afrischolar Discovery Repository (Annex) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2018-12-30
publication date: 2018-12-30
starting page: 801
ending page: 813
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-518

Criminality in public places of urban communities: Examining crime incidences around transit stop stations in Ibadan, Nigeria
type: item
description: The study examined pattern of crime in and around public automobile stop stations in Ibadan, southwestern of Nigeria. The study area was stratified into the high, medium and low density areas where a bus station each was randomly selected. Crimes as assault, sexual harassment and aggression were found to be common to bus stations in the high density areas, stealing was mostly associated with bus stations in the medium density areas while the crime of acquisition was the problem of bus stations in the low density areas. Public disorderliness was evenly distributed across the bus stations in the high, medium and low density areas. Furthermore, individuals were more susceptible to crime during the evening-night, weekend and festive periods. Differences in distribution of crime among the selected stop stations were found to be significant (F=57.701; p=0.00). The study concluded that crime clustering in and around bus stations in Ibadan, Nigeria follow a pattern related to the city's centre, zone of transition and suburban problems.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: offender
  topic: keywords
subject: crime target
  topic: keywords
subject: dangerous areas
  topic: keywords
subject: routine activity
  topic: keywords
subject: social disorganization
  topic: keywords
subject: Transit stop
  topic: keywords
creator: Albert Abegunde
creator: Adewumi Badiora
creator: Jenny Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Afrischolar Discovery Repository (Annex) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2015-03-30
publication date: 2015-03-30
starting page: 41
ending page: 50
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-517

Crime Risk Interpretations In Nigerian Built Environment: The Case Of Minna, Niger State
type: item
description: Using a multistage sampling of respondents, this study uses ordinary least square logistic regression models to estimate violent crime victimization risks in the different residential neighbourhoods of Minna, Nigeria. It focuses on the effects of the neighborhood built environment in the form of nonresidential landuses and neighbourhood-level social and economic characteristics. As shown in the outcomes, residents with higher level of education had lower risk of violent crime victimization, as did high income individuals. Results showed that individuals' risks of violent crime victimization were significantly on the increase if respondents lived in the high density than do residents of the low density residential neighbourhood. Findings indicated that the neighbourhood-level presence of commercial and recreational landuses significantly increases residents’ risk of violent crime victimization in the study area. The study concludes that violent crime victimization risks varied significantly across neighborhoods and that socio-economic, structural and landuse variables accounted for this. Implications for future research and crime prevention policy are discussed.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: Risks Minna town
  topic: keywords
subject: Built environment
  topic: keywords
subject: Victimization
  topic: keywords
subject: Violent crime
  topic: keywords
creator: Abel Afon
creator: Adewumi Badiora
creator: Jenny Ntamark
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Afrischolar Discovery Repository (Annex) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-516

Transforming Ene Henshaw's Medicine for Love into a Theatrical Spectacle
type: item
description: Designing the stage entails a complex and multi-faceted process and thus requires that designers must critically consider factors such as the space available, the style of the production, and the director's vision. This work thus explores the strategies by which theatrical productions serve as vital media for representing diverse aspects of human experience, including love, conflict, and societal challenges. In the play Medicine for Love, the interplay between stage craft, design, and the representation of reality is central to creating an immersive and meaningful audience experience. However, a significant challenge lies in effectively translating the themes and emotional depth of the play into a visual and performative reality. The play explores a complex narrative that hinges on the interplay between the physical and emotional struggles of its characters, and while the creative team undoubtedly put considerable effort into accurately and authentically depicting the world of the play, some aspects of the production may fall short of achieving this goal. By highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the production on stage, this study provides practical guidance for future productions, helping to enhance the immersive and emotional impact of theater for audiences. The findings point at the potential to inspire future creative endeavors and scholarly investigations, fostering a deeper appreciation for the symbiotic relationship between stagecraft and narrative.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Live Theatre
  topic: keywords
subject: Stage Transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: Spectacle
  topic: keywords
subject: Theatrical Performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Godswill Edet
creator: Ekaette Edem
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-30
publication date: 2026-03-30
starting page: 98
ending page: 116
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-515

Perspectives Of Nigerian Ethnic Metaphors In My House Help
type: item
description: The numerous tribes existing in a nation can be a factor of strength and progress through distinguishable contribution of morality along the ethnic decent, but in Nigeria, one of the topmost challenges is dual loyalty which ethnicity comes first. The attempt to highlight the generalized outlook of each Nigerian tribe based on its image at the central stage has been escaping exhaustive critical attention. Using qualitative method based on labeling theory of Howard Becker which focuses on the way people are stereotyped based on what is conspicuous in their cultural dispositions to others. The study analyze My House Help, a recent Nigerian movie with the intention of identify the various ethnic metaphors that each tribe is stereotyped. Findings show that each ethnic group has a generalized metaphoric denotation pointing at what the ethnic group mostly indulges in. the Igbos are portrayed as money-mongers, and wayo, Warris are Wafi, the Kalabari women are basket-nyash, Akwa/Cross are Boi-boi, Hausas are beg-beg, while the Fulanis are head-nodders. Each ethnic group attempts to project the values of its tribe by accrediting the best of their deeds to their ethnic background. The study concludes that the proper use of film medium can unify and promote Nigeria, indicating that filmmaking should be restricted to only those who are knowledgeable with the socio-cultural fact of the ethnic outlook of the nation to mold it to a didactic instrument for social reform.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Nigeria
  topic: keywords
subject: My-House-Help
  topic: keywords
subject: Metaphors
  topic: keywords
subject: Ethnicity
  topic: keywords
subject: Creativity
  topic: keywords
creator: Stephen Umoh
creator: Mandu Excellence
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-07-31
publication date: 2025-07-31
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-514

Exploring Indigenous Akwa Ibom Herbs and Other Materials to Process Alternative Makeup Materials for Theatre and Film Productions
type: item
description: The Nigerian cosmetic market in the 21st century is fast growing by the day and becoming one of the most income-generating industries and employers of labour. Observably, increased appetite for foreign make-up materials is becoming the narrative in the cosmetic market and this has impacted negatively on the nation’s economy by expressly encouraging dependency on foreign makeup materials, thereby reducing interest in local production since the latter are comparatively low in demand. The possibility of exploring local materials by way of sourcing and selecting some indigenous Akwa Ibom materials to produce local alternative cosmetics for theatre and film makeup inspired this research. Joseph Schumpeter’s theory of innovation is explored in the analysis of this work. This study is experimental research; a few indigenous materials were selected and processed into makeup materials for theatre and film design. These materials were experimented on actors in a film production to ascertain their efficacies as makeup and the possible reactions on the actor’s skin. The primary source of data for this work basically comprised practical, experiments and participatory research experience. However, some research documents have equally testimonies regarding the potency of herbal cosmetics especially regarding their health safety. Hence, there is a need to look inwards to improve on indigenous materials found within the immediate local environment as safer options for cosmetic production. The research brings to knowledge an innovation; a new technology of combining and processing make-up materials from indigenous materials for theatre and film production. The production procedure followed to process these cosmetics as reported in this paper originates from the researcher’s discoveries. The study recommends that Nigerian film and theatre makeup artistes take advantage of the locally processed makeup materials to reduce the influx of importation in this sector, encourage local product…
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Local Economy
  topic: keywords
subject: Innovation
  topic: keywords
subject: Makeup Production
  topic: keywords
subject: Film Design
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous Herbs
  topic: keywords
creator: Umoh Asuquo
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-03-09
publication date: 2024-03-09
starting page: 94
ending page: 115
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-513

Historical Development Of Multifunctional Theatre Designs Of Selected University-Based Theatre Venues In Nigeria
type: item
description: The University-based theatres provide unique spaces that serve multiple functions simultaneously, blurring the boundaries between teaching, learning, and cultural exchange. By creating environments where students can explore, practice, and perform their craft, these theatres contribute to the development of future generations of Nigerian artists and scholars. At the same time, the presence of these venues within university communities helps to foster a vibrant cultural life on campus, encouraging a wider appreciation of the arts among students and staff from diverse fields of study. Regardless of their importance as cultural spaces, University-based theatres in Nigeria face varieties of challenges that impact their ability to thrive like; technical limitations, staffing challenges, financial support and many others. By highlighting the importance of University-based theatres as centers for learning and creativity, this study raises awareness of the value of arts education and encourages greater investment in training and professional development for young artists. The study recommends increase investment in University-based theatres through government funding, corporate sponsorships, and community donations to support infrastructural development, staff training, and production costs. In conclusion, the development of university-based theatres in Nigeria represents a significant investment in the future of the country's cultural landscape and the incorporation of multifunctional designs has been instrumental in ensuring their viability and relevance for years to come.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Multifunctional Theatre
  topic: keywords
subject: Theatre Development
  topic: keywords
subject: Theatre Venues
  topic: keywords
subject: University-Based Theatre
  topic: keywords
creator: Ekaette Edem
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-01
publication date: 2026-03-01
starting page: 77
ending page: 92
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-512

Social Cohesion through Festivals in Nigeria and the Traditional Performance Space of Biase New Yam Festival of CRS.
type: item
description: Festivals are common to all human societies, and they vary according to the ecology and the social structure of the people. Nigeria as a country is endowed with lots of cultural activities and festivals, sourced from its multi-cultural communities. These festivals, be it secular, cultural or religious play essential role in any found community. This paper on Social Cohesion through Festivals in Nigeria looks at the Biase New Yam Festival of Cross River State, as a platform for fostering unity, peaceful co-existence and also an opportunity to develop and share culture, showcase values, identity and pride of a people. It analyses the different events that make up the festival, with its contribution to national development. The paper examines the historical trends as manifestations of the people's culture and assesses its traditional performance space. Many festivals remain undocumented and unexplored in many parts of the country as a theatrical performance, making them loose out in the rich repertoire of drama, dance and music. Moreover, understanding the importance of festival in promoting social cohesion can lead to the development of more effective strategies for preserving cultural heritage and promoting communal harmony. Historical and survey research methods was adopted for the study. It also involved participatory observation of festivals, interviews, documentary analysis, and presentation of pictures. By contributing to knowledge, the paper presents vivid account of the New Yam festival as an occasion that gathers visitors not just from the host community, local government areas and Cross River State at large, but also tourists from different states in Nigeria and beyond, while it contributes to the development of culture. The festival is celebrated due to historical legend, as dictated by men for thanksgiving to the gods for a successful planting and bountiful harvest.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Social Cohesion
  topic: keywords
subject: Festival
  topic: keywords
subject: Culture
  topic: keywords
subject: Traditional Performance Space
  topic: keywords
creator: Ekaette Edem
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-05-15
publication date: 2024-05-15
starting page: 63
ending page: 79
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-511

Teachers' Variables and Improvisation of Instructional Materials in the Teaching of Government in Senior Secondary Schools in Uyo Education Zone of Akwa Ibom State
type: item
description: The study investigated Teachers' Variables and Improvisation of Instructional Materials in Secondary Schools in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwalbom State. To achieve this purpose, descriptive research design was used. The population ofthe study was all the teachers' from the 15 Secondary Schools in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwalbom State. A sample 243 teachers in 12 secondary schools were selected using multi stage and random sampling technique. The instrument used for the study was researcher developed and entitled "Teachers Variables and Improvisation of Government Instructional Materials Questionnaire (TVIGIMQ)". The instrument was duly validated and subjected to reliability test using Cronbach Reliability Statistical tool which yielded a reliability Coefficient of 0.75. The three research questions were answered using Simple Regression while the three hypotheses were also tested using Simple Regression at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that there was no significant influence of teachers' attitudes on improvisation of instructional materials whereas teachers'workload and competence had significant influence on improvisation of instructional materials. Based on the findings, it is recommended among other things that state government should make provision for training/retraining of teachers on improvisation and utilization of instructional materials which will in turn shape the attitude of teachers'. Teachers' workload should be reduced to avail them of the time needed for improvisation and finally,teachers' should be allowed to teach in their areа of specialization to ensure competence at improvisation and teaching.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
creator: Ukeme Ekpedeme Umoh
creator: Ukeme Okon Bill
creator: Anthony Bassey Effiong
creator: Margaret Etim Effiong
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-03-01
publication date: 2024-03-01
starting page: 62
ending page: 77
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-510

Teachers' Variables and Improvisation of Instructional Materials in the Teaching of Government in Senior Secondary Schools in Uyo Education Zone of Akwa Ibom State
type: item
description: The study investigated Teachers' Variables and Improvisation of Instructional Materials in Secondary Schools in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwalbom State. To achieve this purpose, descriptive research design was used. The population of the study was all the teachers' from the 15 Secondary Schools in Uyo Local Government Area of Akwalbom State. A sample 243 teachers in 12 secondary schools were selected using multi stage and random sampling technique. The instrument used for the study was researcher developed and entitled "Teachers Variables and Improvisation of Government Instructional Materials Questionnaire (TVIGIMQ)". The instrument was duly validated and subjected to reliability test using Cronbach Reliability Statistical tool which yielded a reliability Coefficient of 0.75. The three research questions were answered using Simple Regression while the three hypotheses were also tested using Simple Regression at 0.05 level of significance. The results showed that there was no significant influence of teachers' attitudes on improvisation of instructional materials whereas teachers' workload and competence had significant influence on improvisation of instructional materials. Based on the findings, it is recommended among other things that state government should make provision for training/retraining of teachers on improvisation and utilization of instructional materials which will in turn shape the attitude of teachers'. Teachers' workload should be reduced to avail them of the time needed for improvisation and finally, teachers' should be allowed to teach in their area of specialization to ensure competence at improvisation and teaching.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
creator: UKEME EKPEDEME UMOH
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 UKEME EKPEDEME UMOH (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-29
publication date: 2026-01-29
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-509

Conflict resolution strategies and students' orientations towards security responsibility among undergraduates in Akwa Ibom State
type: item
description: The study was conducted to determine the relationship between conflict resolution strategies and students' orientations towards security responsibility among undergraduates in Akwa Ibom State. Correlational design was used for the study. The population for the study consisted of the entire undergraduate students higher institutions in Akwa Ibom State during 2022/2023 academic session. Sample size of 300 students was selected through multi-stage and simple random sampling technique for the study. The instrument used was Conflict Resolution Strategies and Students' Orientations towards Security Responsibility Questionnaire (CRSSOSRQ). Face validity and the internal consistency reliability of the instrument was determined using Cronbach Alpha formula and the average coefficients of .81 were obtained. The data collected was analysed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation to answer the research questions and the r-value was transposed to t-value to test the significant of the null hypotheses at the 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that social cohesion, cyber-security and social responsibility strategies have a high and significant relationship with students' orientations towards security responsibility among undergraduates in Akwa Ibom State. Based on the findings of this study, it is concluded that conflict resolution strategies provide students with valuable tools to address and mitigate conflicts in a constructive manner, promoting communication, understanding, and collaboration. It is recommended, among others, that tertiary institutions should actively promote social cohesion initiatives that foster a sense of belonging and community among students; integrate security education into the curriculum or offer workshops and seminars that focus on security awareness, emergency response, and responsible behaviour; and encourage peer-to-peer education by having students take an active role in educating their fellow students about security responsibilities an…
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Conflict Resolution Strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Cohesion
  topic: keywords
subject: Cyber-Security and Social Responsibility and Security Responsibility
  topic: keywords
creator: ASUKWO OKON UYA
creator: UKEME E. UMOH
creator: VIRTUE GODWIN DICKSON
creator: DEBORAH ESANUBONG ESITIKOT
creator: OGBONNA CARDINE AMUMA
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2024-01-01
publication date: 2024-01-01
starting page: 14
ending page: 27
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-508

Systemic racism and ubuntu philosophy: The moral issues
type: item
description: This paper discusses how the Ubuntu philosophy could be applied to address the negative impacts and the moral issues in systemic racism. Discovering the heterogeneous nature of humanity, the paper holds that every human being has an instinct of racism as seen in reverse racism. The work conceptualizes the concepts of race and racism, trying to establish a distinction and the origin of racism. It cross-breeds the ideas and notions of different philosophers and thinkers including the reverse racists who came is Pan- African thinkers. The paper listed the causes of racism and went ahead to explain systemic racism and its criticism. It espouses the Ubuntu Philosophy of the Bantu people, tracing its history too. The paper suggests that systemic racism raises serious moral issues ranging from dehumanization, discrimination, injustice, unfair treatment, inequality, emotional trauma and physical harm that sometimes results in death. The paper opines that if humanity will adopt and practice Ubuntu philosophy of "I am because we are, and if we are, therefore I am", then human beings will understand that we are all from one stock, hence we should be careful of what we do to others, despite their colour, race or ethnic nationality. To address this menace, the paper calls for moral education embedded in self-awareness and conscientization of all persons and races.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Morality
  topic: keywords
subject: Racism
  topic: keywords
subject: Ubuntu Philosophy
  topic: keywords
subject: Systemic Racism and Inequality
  topic: keywords
creator: EMMANUEL E. ETTE
creator: ISAAC CHRISTOPHER OKON
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-07-01
publication date: 2025-07-01
starting page: 16
ending page: 31
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-507

Kieran Egan's storytelling pedagogy and the development of critical and affective reasoning in children
type: item
description: This essay titled Kieran Egan's Storytelling pedagogy and the development of affective and critical reasoning in children exploits the rule of storytelling in fostering affective. critical. and caring reasoning in children. Egan rebutted the Piagetian and Constructivists position that children's cognitive capacity and thinking processes undergo significant changes around the ages II or 12, predisposing them at that stage only to be able to grapple with thinking processes. Egan. instead, suggests that human intellectual development can be better understood by focusing on the role played by the intellectual tools available in the society into which a person grows rather than by relying on Piaget's or others psychological theories of development These tools which he listed as somatic understanding. mythic understanding, romantic understanding, philosophic understanding, and ironic understanding are rooted in his educational philosophy which emphasized the Importance of imagination. storytelling and emotional connection in the leaning process. Employing the methods of textual analysis, speculation and hermeneutics, it is the view of the essay that storytelling is veritable in enabling children to be able to navigate the intricacies of human conditions through narratives. In addition. some stories contain moral lessons that can influence our perception of what is right or wrong, stories present us with moral dilemmas and inquiries that can prompt us to reflect on our beliefs and behaviors. shaping our perception and perspectives about others and file generally. Apart from fostering empathic. critical and caring thinking skillkc stories enable children to explore different cultural barriers. Notwithstanding the gains of storytelling pedagogy. it has some gabs which include but not limited to intolerance and respect for other cultures, subjectivity where stories are interpreted differently, and intensive requirements in storytelling. Above gabs notwithstanding. storytellin…
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Journal Articles
  topic: category
subject: Storytelling
  topic: keywords
subject: Affective thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: Emotions
  topic: keywords
subject: Binary opposite
  topic: keywords
subject: Cognitive tools
  topic: keywords
subject: Children
  topic: keywords
creator: EMMANUEL E. ETTE
creator: CHIDOZIRI OBIANA IHEHUILOR
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-07-01
publication date: 2025-07-01
starting page: 12
ending page: 24
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-506

The moral implications of journalism, propaganda, and The dissemination of information
type: item
description: This paper examines the moral implications of journalism, propaganda, and the dissemination of information and explores the moral consequences that arise when the lines between truthful reporting and manipulation are blurred. Drawing on philosophical perspectives, including utilitarianism, deontological ethics, and virtue ethics, this research analyzes journalists’ and media organizations’ responsibilities in promoting truthfulness, accountability, and transparency globally, especially in Africa. The work argues that the dissemination of propaganda and biased or misleading information can have dire consequences, including the erosion of democracy, public manipulation and social division. Ultimately, this research underscores the importance of ethical journalism in maintaining a well-informed society and promoting democratic values.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Moral Implications
  topic: keywords
subject: Journalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Propaganda
  topic: keywords
subject: Dissemination of Information
  topic: keywords
subject: Social Divisions
  topic: keywords
creator: EMMANUEL E. ETTE
creator: INAMETI LAWRENCE UDO
creator: IDORENYIN OKON UDOFIA
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 54
ending page: 67
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-505

Aesthetics and National Development
type: item
description: Aesthetics refers to the study or science of beauty whereas development has to do with all-round progress in all cultural, economic, political, social life, and so on whether at the human or societal level. National development, then, is the progress made by a nation in its strive for self sustainable growth; it is all-encompassing as it deals with the total man and total nation in all areas of life without exception. In fact, it is total development which, of course, is itself dependent on the level of development of individuals that make up the nation. In this paper we intend to show the relationship between aesthetics and national development, and maintain that development itself is a beautiful phenomenon to behold.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
subject: Aesthetics
  topic: keywords
subject: beauty
  topic: keywords
subject: development
  topic: keywords
subject: progress
  topic: keywords
subject: self-sustaining
  topic: keywords
creator: GABRIEL E. IDANG
creator: EMMANUEL ETUKAKPAN ETTE
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-26
publication date: 2026-01-26
starting page: 22
ending page: 27
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-503

Xenotransplantation: Examining the philosophical Issues
type: item
description: Xenotransplantation - the transplantation of living cells, tissues, or organs from one species to another, particularly from animals to humans - represents a groundbreaking yet ethically complex development in modern medicine. It offers the potential to address the global shortage of human organs and save countless lives. However, it also provokes deep ethical concerns regarding the moral status of animals, the integrity of personal identity, public health risks, and questions of justice and equitable access. This study employs a philosophical-analytical method rooted in normative ethics, bioethics, and social philosophy to examine these multidimensional challenges. It explores the tension between technological advancement and moral responsibility, evaluating whether xenotransplantation can be ethically justified and under what conditions. The findings suggest that while the practice holds significant medical promise, it must be pursued within a framework of rigorous ethical safeguards. These include the minimization of animal suffering, protection of human dignity, prevention of biosecurity risks, and assurance of fair and just access to medical innovations. The study recommends the development of inclusive and transparent bioethical policies, meaningful public engagement, and robust international regulatory structures. As scientific capabilities continue to grow, they must be guided not only by innovation, but by a strong commitment to ethical reflection, justice, and social responsibility. Xenotransplantation therefore, is not merely a scientific endeavor but a profound philosophical and moral challenge.
subject: Publications
  topic: section
creator: EMMANUEL E. ETTE
creator: IDORENYIN UDOAKPAN IDEM
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2025-05-01
publication date: 2025-05-01
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.60951/afrischolar-502